潛(qian)水排污泵(beng)由于產品制造的(de)質(zhi)量，選型和(he)(he)安(an)裝的(de)不(bu)(bu)(bu)正(zheng)確(que)，操作(zuo)和(he)(he)維護的(de)不(bu)(bu)(bu)當(dang)或(huo)者(zhe)長(chang)期使(shi)用(yong)后(hou)(hou)零(ling)部(bu)件的(de)磨損和(he)(he)電(dian)(dian)動(dong)機與電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)絕(jue)緣(yuan)材料的(de)老化變質(zhi)等原因會(hui)引起故障。電(dian)(dian)泵(beng)出(chu)故障后(hou)(hou)應及時(shi)地查明(ming)(ming)原因加以排除，才能(neng)繼續使(shi)用(yong)，否則會(hui)造成事故。現(xian)將電(dian)(dian)泵(beng)常見的(de)故障及其處理方法詳細介紹并(bing)列表說(shuo)明(ming)(ming)：1.電(dian)(dian)泵(beng)不(bu)(bu)(bu)能(neng)起動(dong)或(huo)起動(dong)困難故障現(xian)象：合上(shang)電(dian)(dian)源開關后(hou)(hou)，電(dian)(dian)泵(beng)不(bu)(bu)(bu)能(neng)起動(dong);或(huo)者(zhe)電(dian)(dian)動(dong)機起動(dong)后(hou)(hou)轉速(su)上(shang)不(bu)(bu)(bu)去，水泵(beng)不(bu)(bu)(bu)出(chu)水或(huo)出(chu)水量小。

出(chu)現這種情況可以從電氣和機械兩(liang)方(fang)面進行檢查與分析(xi)：

(1)電(dian)(dian)(dian)氣方面電(dian)(dian)(dian)源電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)過低會使較大(da)的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)泵起(qi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)困(kun)難(nan)(nan)，即使起(qi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)起(qi)來運行時(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流很大(da)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)機(ji)也(ye)會過熱。檢(jian)查(cha)和調整(zheng)變(bian)壓(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)即可(ke)(ke)解決。變(bian)壓(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)容(rong)量太小(xiao)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)機(ji)起(qi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)也(ye)會困(kun)難(nan)(nan)，可(ke)(ke)換(huan)用合適容(rong)量的(de)變(bian)壓(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)。供電(dian)(dian)(dian)線(xian)(xian)路的(de)截面太小(xiao)，線(xian)(xian)路過長(chang)，致(zhi)使線(xian)(xian)路的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)降落太大(da)而電(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)機(ji)起(qi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)困(kun)難(nan)(nan);應(ying)換(huan)用截面較大(da)的(de)線(xian)(xian)路或(huo)(huo)靠(kao)近變(bian)壓(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)。電(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)機(ji)兩相(xiang)供電(dian)(dian)(dian)，一相(xiang)無(wu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流，電(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)機(ji)起(qi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)不了。可(ke)(ke)用鉗形電(dian)(dian)(dian)流表(biao)檢(jian)查(cha)三相(xiang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流，或(huo)(huo)觀察控制柜上(shang)的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流表(biao)。如(ru)為兩相(xiang)供電(dian)(dian)(dian)，應(ying)立即切斷(duan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)源;檢(jian)查(cha)電(dian)(dian)(dian)源開關的(de)接觸是(shi)(shi)否(fou)良(liang)好，主回路的(de)接線(xian)(xian)是(shi)(shi)否(fou)有(you)斷(duan)頭或(huo)(huo)松(song)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)，熔斷(duan)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)是(shi)(shi)否(fou)燒斷(duan)。如(ru)以上(shang)均無(wu)問(wen)題，再(zai)檢(jian)查(cha)電(dian)(dian)(dian)力電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜線(xian)(xian)是(shi)(shi)否(fou)有(you)斷(duan)相(xiang)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜接頭是(shi)(shi)否(fou)良(liang)好;電(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)機(ji)繞組(zu)是(shi)(shi)否(fou)有(you)燒斷(duan)，查(cha)明(ming)原因排(pai)除(chu)故(gu)障。

(2)機(ji)(ji)械方面 電(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)機(ji)(ji)的三相電(dian)流均有，電(dian)流大而(er)又平衡，電(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)機(ji)(ji)起動(dong)(dong)(dong)不起來，應(ying)從機(ji)(ji)械方面查(cha)找原(yuan)因。電(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)機(ji)(ji)與水泵(beng)的軸承抱軸，葉輪卡住，水泵(beng)或電(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)機(ji)(ji)內進(jin)入異物都會使電(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)機(ji)(ji)起動(dong)(dong)(dong)不了。拆開機(ji)(ji)泵(beng)進(jin)行檢查(cha)，排除故障或修(xiu)理之。

2.電(dian)(dian)(dian)泵(beng)(beng)(beng)不出(chu)(chu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)或出(chu)(chu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)量(liang)小(xiao)(xiao)故(gu)障現象：電(dian)(dian)(dian)泵(beng)(beng)(beng)起動后(hou)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)動機(ji)(ji)三(san)相電(dian)(dian)(dian)流正常，電(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓也沒有問題，水(shui)(shui)(shui)泵(beng)(beng)(beng)不出(chu)(chu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)或是出(chu)(chu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)量(liang)小(xiao)(xiao)。新(xin)安裝的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)泵(beng)(beng)(beng)試(shi)車時(shi)如水(shui)(shui)(shui)泵(beng)(beng)(beng)不出(chu)(chu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)或出(chu)(chu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)量(liang)小(xiao)(xiao)，可(ke)(ke)(ke)能是水(shui)(shui)(shui)泵(beng)(beng)(beng)的(de)(de)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)向反了;掉換(huan)任意兩(liang)相電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜的(de)(de)相序，即可(ke)(ke)(ke)解(jie)決;或是揚(yang)程超過，換(huan)用較(jiao)大的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)泵(beng)(beng)(beng);另(ling)外，揚(yang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)管連接法(fa)(fa)蘭漏水(shui)(shui)(shui)，揚(yang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)管破裂都會影(ying)響水(shui)(shui)(shui)泵(beng)(beng)(beng)的(de)(de)出(chu)(chu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)量(liang)。正常使(shi)用的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)泵(beng)(beng)(beng)，如果出(chu)(chu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)量(liang)日漸減小(xiao)(xiao)，可(ke)(ke)(ke)能是電(dian)(dian)(dian)泵(beng)(beng)(beng)長期使(shi)用后(hou)密(mi)封口環磨損嚴重，應進(jin)行更換(huan)。水(shui)(shui)(shui)泵(beng)(beng)(beng)吸人口堵(du)塞影(ying)響水(shui)(shui)(shui)的(de)(de)吸入，清(qing)理(li)水(shui)(shui)(shui)泵(beng)(beng)(beng)的(de)(de)格柵(zha)或濾網。電(dian)(dian)(dian)動機(ji)(ji)鑄(zhu)鋁轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)子的(de)(de)斷(duan)條(tiao)(tiao)，銅條(tiao)(tiao)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)子的(de)(de)端環開焊，造(zao)成電(dian)(dian)(dian)動機(ji)(ji)出(chu)(chu)力不夠，轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)速下降，使(shi)水(shui)(shui)(shui)泵(beng)(beng)(beng)的(de)(de)出(chu)(chu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)量(liang)不足，更換(huan)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)子或焊好(hao)開焊處。此(ci)外，電(dian)(dian)(dian)動機(ji)(ji)運轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)正常，但(dan)三(san)相電(dian)(dian)(dian)流小(xiao)(xiao)，水(shui)(shui)(shui)泵(beng)(beng)(beng)不出(chu)(chu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)，可(ke)(ke)(ke)能是水(shui)(shui)(shui)泵(beng)(beng)(beng)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)軸(zhou)斷(duan)裂，機(ji)(ji)泵(beng)(beng)(beng)聯軸(zhou)器松脫等，應進(jin)行大修，換(huan)軸(zhou)或重新(xin)組(zu)裝電(dian)(dian)(dian)泵(beng)(beng)(beng)。電(dian)(dian)(dian)泵(beng)(beng)(beng)出(chu)(chu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)故(gu)障及其處理(li)方法(fa)(fa)可(ke)(ke)(ke)參照表(biao)3-36。表(biao)3-36 電(dian)(dian)(dian)泵(beng)(beng)(beng)出(chu)(chu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)故(gu)障及其處理(li)方法(fa)(fa)

3.電(dian)(dian)(dian)泵(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)振(zhen)(zhen)動(dong)(dong)(dong)大故(gu)障現象(xiang)：電(dian)(dian)(dian)泵(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)運行時振(zhen)(zhen)動(dong)(dong)(dong)劇烈，手摸輸水管道、泵(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)座(zuo)(zuo)有(you)(you)明(ming)顯的振(zhen)(zhen)動(dong)(dong)(dong)感(gan)覺，并伴(ban)有(you)(you)異雜聲。電(dian)(dian)(dian)泵(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)振(zhen)(zhen)動(dong)(dong)(dong)劇烈大都是(shi)機(ji)械上(shang)的毛病所(suo)造成。如電(dian)(dian)(dian)泵(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)組裝(zhuang)(zhuang)不良，機(ji)泵(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)的軸線不在同一條直線上(shang);泵(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)座(zuo)(zuo)的螺釘(ding)未擰(ning)緊，均(jun)(jun)會(hui)(hui)使(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)泵(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)產生振(zhen)(zhen)動(dong)(dong)(dong)。另外，井筒的偏斜使(shi)泵(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)組處在歪斜狀態(tai)下(xia)工作，泵(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)座(zuo)(zuo)受(shou)力不均(jun)(jun)勻也會(hui)(hui)使(shi)機(ji)組振(zhen)(zhen)動(dong)(dong)(dong)，嚴重時泵(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)座(zuo)(zuo)下(xia)部會(hui)(hui)斷裂，導致電(dian)(dian)(dian)泵(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)掉入井內，應(ying)重新組裝(zhuang)(zhuang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)泵(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)后再下(xia)井使(shi)用。電(dian)(dian)(dian)泵(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)經長期運行后零部件(jian)的磨損(sun)，松動(dong)(dong)(dong)也會(hui)(hui)引起(qi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)泵(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)振(zhen)(zhen)動(dong)(dong)(dong)，應(ying)進行保(bao)養(yang)和更換磨損(sun)件(jian)。